Monarchy ruled by the House of Habsburg, in existence from 1867 to 1918. The Czech people were forced to continuously fight for their rights, although they also went through a period of rapid economic and cultural development.
Semi-official name for the state ruled by the Habsburg-Lorraine dynasty, used from 1804 to 1867.
Political doctrine in the Austrian Empire from 1851 to 1859, named after Alexander Bach, minister of the interior. It suspended the constitution in the Austrian Empire for almost nine years and brought a period of a lack of freedom and a stagnation of political life.
The most significant battle of the Napoleonic Wars, which took took place on the territory of modern day Czech Republic. It is one of the most famous battles in history. The victory of Emperor Napoleon I is still commemorated on the location of the battle by numerous monuments and places of memory.
The decisive battle of the Austro-Prussian War. It was the second longest battle of the 19th century and the longest on the territory of the modern-day Czech Republic.
The most famous battle of the Czechoslovak Legion in the First World War. Although it was not a very important battle from the military point of view, it considerably improved the prestige of Czechoslovak resistance against Austria-Hungary and became a symbol of heroism of Czechoslovak soldiers during the war.
Process of formation and emancipation of the modern Czech nation, which took place in the late 18th and early 19th centuries.
The principal demand by Czech political elite from the final third of the 19th century to the First World War, which aimed at solving the problem of unequal position of the Czech people in Austria-Hungary. Failure to meet the demand significantly influenced the attitude of Czechs towards the Monarchy.
One of the main conflicts between Czechs and Germans in the Czech lands in the second half of the 19th century and the first quarter of the 20th century. It aggravated the relations between the two peoples and eventually contributed to the disintegration of Austria-Hungary.
Volunteer units of Czechs of Slovaks formed during the First World War in France, Italy and Russia to fight against the Central Powers. They played an important role in the formation of the Czechoslovak state and in the Russian Civil War.
A movement in the Czech lands based primarily on the American mission in the 19th century. Most Evangelical churches in the Czech Republic are a part of the Czech Evangelical Alliance.
King of Bohemia and Hungary, and Austrian Emperor from 1835 to 1848. The last crowned King of Bohemia. In spite of his physical and mental limitations, due to which he could never become a fully-fledged ruler, he became popular among the populace due to his charity.
A world conflict that resulted in fundamental political changes in Central Europe and allowed for the formation of independent Czechoslovakia.
King of the Kingdom of Bohemia and the Kingdom of Hungary between 1792 and 1835, Holy Roman Emperor (as Francis II) between 1792 and 1806, Emperor of Austria between 1804 and 1835. A strongly conservative ruler whose reign in the Czech lands was a period of stagnation and police repression.
King of Bohemia and Hungary and Austrian Emperor from 1848 to 1916, one of the most famous rulers of Bohemia. For many Czechs he is still a symbol of the Habsburg Monarchy and the revolutionary period of the second half of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century.
Process involving Leopold Hilsner, a young Jew unjustly accused of a murder of a young Christian girl. It was the largest expression of antisemitism in the Czech lands in the 19th century and, in a way, the Czech version of the well-known Dreyfus Affair.
The last King of Bohemia and Hungary and Austrian Emperor. He ruled between 1916 and 1918, unsuccessfully trying to preserve the disintegrating empire during the difficult times of the First World War.
Process of transition from the traditional agricultural society to the modern industrial era, which created conditions due to which the Czech lands became the most industrially developed region of the Austrian monarchy.
Bohemian nobleman serving as a General in the army of the Austrian Empire. He is regarded as one of the best army commanders and reformers in 19th-century Europe.
Sociologist, philosopher and the first president of the independent Czechoslovak Republic after 1918. He was a political icon and a symbol of moral integrity who still has an influence on the norms of democratic discussion and political rhetoric as the central figure of Czech 20th-century historical memory.
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