Forced and violent reorganisation of government that directly led to the communist dictatorship, control of the press and of public life. The founding event of the entire undemocratic regime of 1948–1989.
A series of violent actions committed by the communist regime against male and female monasteries in Czechoslovakia in 1950. The result was their de facto dissolution.
Prominent organiser of Czech literary and cultural life. The production of the Veleslavín press represents one of the pinnacles of Czech humanistic typography.
King of Bohemia, Hungary and King of the Romans 1438–1439, Duke of Austria in 1404–1439. He was the second member of the House of Habsburg on the Bohemian throne, after Rudolph I.
Bohemian aristocrat, politician and generalissimo of imperial armies who achieved exceptional military and political successes during the Thirty Years’ War and became one of the most influential figures in Europe at the time.
Former United States Secretary of State, of Czech-Jewish descent. She contributed to the expansion of NATO into the countries of the former Eastern Bloc.
Ancient trade route connecting northern Europe and the Mediterranean (northern Italy). The name is derived from amber (fossilised tree resin), which was one of its main commodities.
Daughter of Charles IV, Queen of England between 1382 and 1394. She was the only English ruler from Bohemia. Because of her kindness and grace, in the English folk tradition she is known as the “good Queen Anna”.
The third president of communist Czechoslovakia, in office from 1957 until 1968. He based his political career on connections with Moscow.
The study of the material sources about the first significant and stable state formation of the West Slavs, which appeared in the 9th century.
Study of the material culture of people that arrived on the Czech territory especially from the 6th century and which the modern Czech nation identifies as the basis of its ethnic origin.
Monarchy ruled by the House of Habsburg, in existence from 1867 to 1918. The Czech people were forced to continuously fight for their rights, although they also went through a period of rapid economic and cultural development.
Semi-official name for the state ruled by the Habsburg-Lorraine dynasty, used from 1804 to 1867.
Political doctrine in the Austrian Empire from 1851 to 1859, named after Alexander Bach, minister of the interior. It suspended the constitution in the Austrian Empire for almost nine years and brought a period of a lack of freedom and a stagnation of political life.
Historian, versatile writer, theoretician of the humanities, teacher and priest. His encyclopaedia and Apology for the Slavic and Especially Czech Language (Dissertatio apologetica pro lingua Slavonica, praecipue Bohemica) marked the beginning of the reform of the political and social consequences of the Battle of White Mountain.
The most significant battle of the Napoleonic Wars, which took took place on the territory of modern day Czech Republic. It is one of the most famous battles in history. The victory of Emperor Napoleon I is still commemorated on the location of the battle by numerous monuments and places of memory.
A battle between the Hussite armies and the participants of the fourth anti-Hussite crusade, which took place on 14 August 1431 between the towns of Domažlice and Kdyně. The crusaders’ crushing defeat paved the way for peace negotiations and the end to the Hussite Wars.
A battle between the armies of Duke of Bohemia Soběslav I and King of the Romans Lothair III that took place on 18 February 1126 near a fort in the Chlumec municipality, near Ústí nad Labem. One of the most famous battles in the period of the Duchy of Bohemia.
The largest battle of the Thirty Years’ War on the Czech territory, in which on 6 March 1645 the Swedish army dealt a crushing defeat to the Imperial army of Ferdinand III and thus seriously threatened the position of the Habsburgs in Central Europe.
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